Tin (Sn) – element 50
Tin is a chemical element with the symbol Sn and atomic number 50. It is a post-transition metal in group 14, period 5 of the periodic table (p-block), and is a solid at room temperature.
Tin (Sn) has atomic number 50, atomic mass 118.71 u and electron configuration [Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p2.
Tin facts
| Symbol | Sn |
|---|---|
| Atomic number | 50 |
| Atomic mass | 118.71 u (g/mol) |
| Category | post-transition metal |
| Group | group 14 |
| Period | 5 |
| Block | p-block |
| Phase at 20 °C | Solid |
| Electron configuration | 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p2 |
| Noble-gas notation | [Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p2 |
| Electrons per shell | 2, 8, 18, 18, 4 |
| Valence electrons | 4 |
Bohr model and shells
Tin has 50 electrons in 5 shells: 2, 8, 18, 18, 4. Full configuration and noble-gas notation are in the table; work out any element or ion with the electron configuration calculator.
Physical and atomic properties
| Melting point | 505.08 K (231.9 °C) |
|---|---|
| Boiling point | 2875 K (2601.8 °C) |
| Density | 7.365 g/cm³ |
| Electronegativity (Pauling) | 1.96 |
| Electron affinity | 107.298 kJ/mol |
| Ionization energies | 708.6, 1411.8, 2943 kJ/mol (1st, 2nd, 3rd) |
| Molar heat capacity | 27.112 J/(mol·K) |
| Discovered by | unknown, before 3500 BC |
Use the atomic mass in the molar mass calculator for any formula containing Sn.
Position in the periodic table
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Frequently asked questions
What is the atomic mass of tin?
The atomic mass of tin is 118.71 u, so one mole of tin atoms weighs 118.71 g.
What is the electron configuration of tin?
Tin has 50 electrons: 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹⁰ 5p², or [Kr] 4d¹⁰ 5s² 5p² in noble-gas notation. Electrons per shell: 2, 8, 18, 18, 4.
How many valence electrons does tin have?
Tin has 4 valence electrons (group 14).
Is tin a metal?
Yes. Tin is a post-transition metal.
Where is tin on the periodic table?
Tin is in group 14, period 5, in the p-block.
Data: Periodic-Table-JSON (CC BY-SA 3.0); standard atomic weights from IUPAC (abridged). Values in brackets are the mass number of the longest-lived isotope.