80Hg200.59

Mercury (Hg) – element 80

Mercury is a chemical element with the symbol Hg and atomic number 80. It is a transition metal in group 12, period 6 of the periodic table (d-block), and is a liquid at room temperature.

Mercury (Hg) has atomic number 80, atomic mass 200.59 u and electron configuration [Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2.

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Mercury facts

SymbolHg
Atomic number80
Atomic mass200.59 u (g/mol)
Categorytransition metal
Groupgroup 12
Period6
Blockd-block
Phase at 20 °CLiquid
Electron configuration1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2 4f14 5d10
Noble-gas notation[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2
Electrons per shell2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 2

Bohr model and shells

Hg

Mercury has 80 electrons in 6 shells: 2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 2. Full configuration and noble-gas notation are in the table; work out any element or ion with the electron configuration calculator.

Physical and atomic properties

Melting point234.321 K (-38.8 °C)
Boiling point629.88 K (356.7 °C)
Density13.534 g/cm³
Electronegativity (Pauling)2
Electron affinity-48 kJ/mol
Ionization energies1007.1, 1810, 3300 kJ/mol (1st, 2nd, 3rd)
Molar heat capacity27.983 J/(mol·K)
Discovered byunknown, before 2000 BCE

Use the atomic mass in the molar mass calculator for any formula containing Hg.

Position in the periodic table

HydrogenHHeliumHeLithiumLiBerylliumBeBoronBCarbonCNitrogenNOxygenOFluorineFNeonNeSodiumNaMagnesiumMgAluminiumAlSiliconSiPhosphorusPSulfurSChlorineClArgonArPotassiumKCalciumCaScandiumScTitaniumTiVanadiumVChromiumCrManganeseMnIronFeCobaltCoNickelNiCopperCuZincZnGalliumGaGermaniumGeArsenicAsSeleniumSeBromineBrKryptonKrRubidiumRbStrontiumSrYttriumYZirconiumZrNiobiumNbMolybdenumMoTechnetiumTcRutheniumRuRhodiumRhPalladiumPdSilverAgCadmiumCdIndiumInTinSnAntimonySbTelluriumTeIodineIXenonXeCesiumCsBariumBaLanthanumLaCeriumCePraseodymiumPrNeodymiumNdPromethiumPmSamariumSmEuropiumEuGadoliniumGdTerbiumTbDysprosiumDyHolmiumHoErbiumErThuliumTmYtterbiumYbLutetiumLuHafniumHfTantalumTaTungstenWRheniumReOsmiumOsIridiumIrPlatinumPtGoldAuMercuryHgThalliumTlLeadPbBismuthBiPoloniumPoAstatineAtRadonRnFranciumFrRadiumRaActiniumAcThoriumThProtactiniumPaUraniumUNeptuniumNpPlutoniumPuAmericiumAmCuriumCmBerkeliumBkCaliforniumCfEinsteiniumEsFermiumFmMendeleviumMdNobeliumNoLawrenciumLrRutherfordiumRfDubniumDbSeaborgiumSgBohriumBhHassiumHsMeitneriumMtDarmstadtiumDsRoentgeniumRgCoperniciumCnNihoniumNhFleroviumFlMoscoviumMcLivermoriumLvTennessineTsOganessonOg

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Frequently asked questions

What is the atomic mass of mercury?

The atomic mass of mercury is 200.59 u, so one mole of mercury atoms weighs 200.59 g.

What is the electron configuration of mercury?

Mercury has 80 electrons: 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹⁰ 5p⁶ 6s² 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰, or [Xe] 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6s² in noble-gas notation. Electrons per shell: 2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 2.

Is mercury a metal?

Yes. Mercury is a transition metal.

Where is mercury on the periodic table?

Mercury is in group 12, period 6, in the d-block.

Data: Periodic-Table-JSON (CC BY-SA 3.0); standard atomic weights from IUPAC (abridged). Values in brackets are the mass number of the longest-lived isotope.