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Testosterone molecule model (C19H28O2)
Testosterone is the main male sex hormone. Its steroid skeleton carries a 17β-OH and an α,β-unsaturated ketone in ring A (C3=O conjugated with C4=C5).
Drag to rotate · pinch or scroll to zoom. 3D coordinates: PubChem conformer (CID 6013).
Testosterone at a glance
| Formula | C19H28O2 |
|---|---|
| Molar mass | 288.4 g/mol |
| IUPAC name | (8R,9S,10R,13S,14S,17S)-17-hydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-1,2,6,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-one |
| Atoms / bonds | 49 / 52 |
| H-bond donors / acceptors | 1 / 2 |
| XLogP3 | 3.3 |
| SMILES | C[C@]12CC[C@H]3[C@H]([C@@H]1CC[C@@H]2O)CCC4=CC(=O)CC[C@]34C |
| PubChem CID | 6013 |
What the 3D model of Testosterone shows
The model contains 49 atoms (21 heavy atoms and 28 hydrogens) joined by 52 bonds; in ball-and-stick mode every stick is one bond, and double or aromatic bonds are drawn as multiple sticks. Switch to space-filling to see the molecule as its electron cloud, scaled to van der Waals radii: this is the shape other molecules actually "feel". It can donate 1 and accept 2 hydrogen bonds, and its PubChem XLogP3 of 3.3 means it is fat-loving (lipophilic). Its topological polar surface area is 37.3 Ų.
Shape and bond angles
| Atom(s) | Geometry / hybridisation | Angles & lengths |
|---|---|---|
| rings B–D | sp³ carbons, chair rings | ≈ 109.5° |
| ring A enone | sp² C3, C4, C5; partly flattened ring | ≈ 120° |
Is Testosterone polar?
Mostly non-polar (XLogP ≈ 3.3), with polar C=O and OH groups at the two ends of the molecule.
Elemental composition of C19H28O2
| Element | Atoms | Mass (g/mol) | Mass % |
|---|---|---|---|
| Carbon (C) | 19 | 228.209 | 79.12% |
| Hydrogen (H) | 28 | 28.224 | 9.79% |
| Oxygen (O) | 2 | 31.998 | 11.09% |
Calculated from IUPAC standard atomic weights. Check any formula with the molar mass calculator.
Uses of testosterone
- Androgen hormone for male development and muscle mass
- Testosterone replacement therapy
- Precursor of estradiol (via aromatase) and of DHT
Interesting facts
- Testosterone is made from cholesterol, mainly in the testes.
- Aromatase converts testosterone into estradiol by aromatising ring A.
- 5α-Reductase converts it into the more potent dihydrotestosterone (DHT).
Drawing structures for your notes? MolDraw is a free online chemical structure editor for molecules, reactions and lab diagrams.
Open MolDraw editorFrequently asked questions
How is testosterone different from estradiol?
Testosterone has a C3 ketone and a C19 methyl group. In estradiol, ring A is aromatic with a phenol OH and has lost that methyl.
What is testosterone made from?
Cholesterol, via pregnenolone and androstenedione.
What is the chemical formula and molar mass of testosterone?
Testosterone is C19H28O2 with a molar mass of 288.4 g/mol (PubChem CID 6013). It contains 49 atoms: 19 carbon, 28 hydrogen, 2 oxygen.
What is the IUPAC name of Testosterone?
The PubChem-computed IUPAC name is (8R,9S,10R,13S,14S,17S)-17-hydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-1,2,6,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-one.
How do I make a model of Testosterone?
With 49 atoms, Testosterone is a big kit build. Use the interactive model above as your guide, build the ring or core framework first, then add the side groups and finally the hydrogens.