---
title: "Mercury (Hg): Atomic Mass, Electron Configuration & Properties"
url: https://www.moldraw.com/elements/mercury.html
description: "Mercury (Hg), element 80: atomic mass 200.59, electron configuration [Xe] 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6s², group 12, period 6, d-block transition metal. Melting and boiling point, density, electronegativity and shells."
lang: en
publisher: Scidart Academy
generated: 2026-11-03
---
80Hg200.59

# Mercury (Hg) – element 80

Mercury is a chemical element with the symbol **Hg** and atomic number **80**. It is a transition metal in group 12, period 6 of the periodic table (d-block), and is a liquid at room temperature.

Mercury (Hg) has atomic number 80, atomic mass 200.59 u and electron configuration [Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2.

[Download periodic table PDF](https://www.moldraw.com/printables/periodic-table.pdf)[Open interactive periodic table](https://www.moldraw.com/tools/free-chem-tools/interactive-periodic-table.html)

## Mercury facts

| Symbol | Hg |
| --- | --- |
| Atomic number | 80 |
| Atomic mass | 200.59 u (g/mol) |
| Category | transition metal |
| Group | group 12 |
| Period | 6 |
| Block | d-block |
| Phase at 20 °C | Liquid |
| Electron configuration | 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2 4f14 5d10 |
| Noble-gas notation | [Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 |
| Electrons per shell | 2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 2 |

## Bohr model and shells

Mercury has 80 electrons in 6 shells: 2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 2. Full configuration and noble-gas notation are in the table; work out any element or ion with the [electron configuration calculator](https://www.moldraw.com/tools/free-chem-tools/electron-configuration-calculator.html).

## Physical and atomic properties

| Melting point | 234.321 K (-38.8 °C) |
| --- | --- |
| Boiling point | 629.88 K (356.7 °C) |
| Density | 13.534 g/cm³ |
| Electronegativity (Pauling) | 2 |
| Electron affinity | -48 kJ/mol |
| Ionization energies | 1007.1, 1810, 3300 kJ/mol (1st, 2nd, 3rd) |
| Molar heat capacity | 27.983 J/(mol·K) |
| Discovered by | unknown, before 2000 BCE |

Use the atomic mass in the [molar mass calculator](https://www.moldraw.com/tools/free-chem-tools/molar-mass-calculator.html) for any formula containing Hg.

## Position in the periodic table

Tap any element to open its page.

## Frequently asked questions

### What is the atomic mass of mercury?

The atomic mass of mercury is 200.59 u, so one mole of mercury atoms weighs 200.59 g.

### What is the electron configuration of mercury?

Mercury has 80 electrons: 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹⁰ 5p⁶ 6s² 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰, or [Xe] 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6s² in noble-gas notation. Electrons per shell: 2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 2.

### Is mercury a metal?

Yes. Mercury is a transition metal.

### Where is mercury on the periodic table?

Mercury is in group 12, period 6, in the d-block.

Data: [Periodic-Table-JSON](https://github.com/Bowserinator/Periodic-Table-JSON) (CC BY-SA 3.0); standard atomic weights from IUPAC (abridged). Values in brackets are the mass number of the longest-lived isotope.